Development of a Health Behavioral Digital Intervention for Patients With Hypertension Based on an Intelligent Health Promotion System and WeChat: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of timely medication, physical activity (PA), a healthy diet, and blood pressure (BP) monitoring for promoting health outcomes and behavioral changes among patients with hypertension is supported by a substantial amount of literature, with "adherence" playing a pivotal role. Nevertheless, there is a lack of consistent evidence regarding whether digital interventions can improve adherence to healthy behaviors among individuals with hypertension. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to develop a health behavioral digital intervention for hypertensive patients (HBDIHP) based on an intelligent health promotion system and WeChat following the behavior change wheel (BCW) theory and digital micro-intervention care (DMIC) model and assess its efficacy in controlling BP and improving healthy behavior adherence. METHODS: A 2-arm, randomized trial design was used. We randomly assigned 68 individuals aged >60 years with hypertension in a 1:1 ratio to either the control or experimental group. The digital intervention was established through the following steps: (1) developing digital health education materials focused on adherence to exercise prescriptions, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), prescribed medication, and monitoring of BP; (2) using the BCW theory to select behavior change techniques; (3) constructing the intervention's logic following the guidelines of the DMIC model; (4) creating an intervention manual including the aforementioned elements. Prior to the experiment, participants underwent physical examinations at the community health service center's intelligent health cabin and received intelligent personalized health recommendations. The experimental group underwent a 12-week behavior intervention via WeChat, while the control group received routine health education and a self-management manual. The primary outcomes included BP and adherence indicators. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with independent sample t tests, chi-square tests, paired t tests, and McNemar tests. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The final analysis included 54 participants with a mean age of 67.24 (SD 4.19) years (n=23 experimental group, n=31 control group). The experimental group had improvements in systolic BP (-7.36 mm Hg, P=.002), exercise time (856.35 metabolic equivalent [MET]-min/week, P<.001), medication adherence (0.56, P=.001), BP monitoring frequency (P=.02), and learning performance (3.23, P<.001). Both groups experienced weight reduction (experimental: 1.2 kg, P=.002; control: 1.11 kg, P=.009) after the intervention. The diet types and quantities for both groups (P<.001) as well as the subendocardial viability ratio (0.16, P=.01) showed significant improvement. However, there were no statistically significant changes in other health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The observations suggest our program may have enhanced specific health outcomes and adherence to health behaviors in older adults with hypertension. However, a longer-term, larger-scale trial is necessary to validate the effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200062643; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=172782. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/46883.

Chromosome balanced translocation in newborn fetus founded during prenatal diagnosis: Three cases reports.

RATIONALE: Because of the normal phenotype, carriers of specific chromosomal translocations are often diagnosed only after their development of associated malignancies, recurrent miscarriages, and reproductive difficulties. In this paper, we report primary balanced fetal chromosomal translocations by performing the necessary invasive prenatal diagnosis in couples with previous malformations coupled with prenatal testing suggesting a high risk for trisomy 21. PATIENT CONCERNS: Case 1 and Case 2 couples had malformed children, and Case 3 couples had a high risk of trisomy 21 on noninvasive preconception serological testing. DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTION: A balanced chromosomal translocation diagnosis was confirmed by karyotyping of fetal cells obtained by amniocentesis. OUTCOMES: All 3 couples decided to continue their pregnancies after learning about the consequences of the chromosomal abnormalities. Approximately a year after the children were born, the staff of the Prenatal Diagnostic Center followed up with a phone call and found that the children physical development and intelligence were normal. LESSON: This case report reports healthy chromosomal balanced translocation newborns born to couples with poor maternal history and couples with abnormalities suggested by preconception testing, and followed up with the newborns to provide some experience in prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for chromosomal balanced translocations.

PgDDS Changes the Plant Growth of Transgenic Aralia elata and Improves the Production of Re and Rg3 in Its Leaves.

Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem is a medicinal plant that shares a common pathway for the biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponins with Panax ginseng. Here, we transferred the dammarenediol-II synthase gene from P. ginseng (PgDDS; GenBank: AB122080.1) to A. elata. The growth of 2-year-old transgenic plants (L27; 9.63 cm) was significantly decreased compared with wild-type plants (WT; 74.97 cm), and the leaflet shapes and sizes of the transgenic plants differed from those of the WT plants. Based on a terpene metabolome analysis of leaf extracts from WT, L13, and L27 plants, a new structural skeleton for ursane-type triterpenoid saponins was identified. Six upregulated differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected, and the average levels of Rg3 and Re in the leaves of the L27 plants were 42.64 and 386.81 µg/g, respectively, increased significantly compared with the WT plants (15.48 and 316.96 µg/g, respectively). Thus, the expression of PgDDS in A. elata improved its medicinal value.

Functional identification of AeHMGR gene involved in regulation of saponin biosynthesis in Aralia elata.

Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem, a significant tree species in the Araliaceae family, has medicinal and edible properties. Saponins are the primary active components of A. elata. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA reductase (HMGR) is the initial rate-limiting enzyme of the major metabolic pathway of saponins in A. elata. In this study, the AeHMGR gene was identified through screening of transcriptome data. Through the qRT-PCR analysis, it was determined that the expression level of AeHMGR gene is highest in the somatic embryo and stem of A. elata. Heterologous transformation in tobacco revealed that ectopic expression of the AeHMGR gene leads to a significant reduction in the expression levels of the NtSS, NtFPS, and NtSE genes in transgenic tobacco lines, with a minimum expression level of 0.24 times that of the wild type. In the overexpressed callus lines of A. elata, the expression levels of the AeFPS, AeSE, AeSS, and Aeß-AS genes were also significantly lower compared to the wild type, with a minimum expression level of approximately 0.3 times that of the wild type. Interestingly, the overexpression of the AeHMGR gene in A. elata somatic embryos led to a substantial decrease in the expression levels of AeFPS and AeSS, while the expression levels of AeSE and Aeß-AS increased. Among the transgenic somatic embryo strain lines, line 7 exhibited the highest expression levels of AeSE and Aeß-AS, with fold increases of 11.51 and 9.38, respectively, compared with that of the wild-type. Additionally, a high-performance liquid chromatography method was established to detect five individual saponins in transgenic A. elata. The total saponin content in line 7 somatic embryos was 1.14 times higher than that of wild-type materials, but only 0.30 times that of wild-type cultivated leaves. Moreover, the content of oleanolic acid saponin in line 7 was 1.35 times higher than that of wild-type cultivated leaves. These indicate that HMGR can affect triterpene biosynthesis.

Multimodal brain tumor image segmentation based on DenseNet.

A brain tumor magnetic resonance image processing algorithm can help doctors to diagnose and treat the patient's condition, which has important application significance in clinical medicine. This paper proposes a network model based on the combination of U-net and DenseNet to solve the problems of class imbalance in multi-modal brain tumor image segmentation and the loss of effective information features caused by the integration of features in the traditional U-net network. The standard convolution blocks of the coding path and decoding path on the original network are improved to dense blocks, which enhances the transmission of features. The mixed loss function composed of the Binary Cross Entropy Loss function and the Tversky coefficient is used to replace the original single cross-entropy loss, which restrains the influence of irrelevant features on segmentation accuracy. Compared with U-Net, U-Net++, and PA-Net the algorithm in this paper has significantly improved the segmentation accuracy, reaching 0.846, 0.861, and 0.782 respectively in the Dice coefficient index of WT, TC, and ET. The PPV coefficient index has reached 0.849, 0.883, and 0.786 respectively. Compared with the traditional U-net network, the Dice coefficient index of the proposed algorithm exceeds 0.8%, 4.0%, and 1.4%, respectively, and the PPV coefficient index in the tumor core area and tumor enhancement area increases by 3% and 1.2% respectively. The proposed algorithm has the best performance in tumor core area segmentation, and its Sensitivity index has reached 0.924, which has good research significance and application value.

Identification and Classification of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Mammary Gland of the Holstein Cow.

The mammary glands, responsible for milk secretion, are regulated at a local level by various hormones, growth factors, non-coding RNAs, and other elements. Recent research has discovered the presence of lncRNAs in these glands, with suggestions that they may be essential for the maintenance and function of mammary glands. Besides directly controlling the gene and protein expression, lncRNAs are believed to play a significant part in numerous physiological and pathological processes. This study focused on examining the mammary gland tissues of Chinese Holstein cows, to identify and categorize long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The research intended to distinguish lncRNAs in the mammary tissues of Holstein cows and contrast them between lactation and non-lactation periods. In this study, mammary gland tissues were sampled from three Holstein cows in early lactation (n = 3, 30 days postpartum) and non-lactation (n = 3, 315 days postpartum) on a large dairy farm in Jiangsu province. Mammary tissue samples were collected during early lactation and again during non-lactation. In total, we detected 1905 lncRNAs, with 57.3% being 500 bp and 612 intronic lncRNAs. The exon count for lncRNAs varied from 2 to 10. It was observed that 96 lncRNA expressions markedly differed between the two stages, with 83 genes being upregulated and 53 downregulated. Enrichment analysis results revealed that Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was primarily abundant in cellular processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that target genes were predominantly abundant in metabolic pathways, fatty acid biosynthesis, the immune system, and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. This study analyzed the expression profile and characteristics of lncRNAs in the mammary gland tissues of Holstein cows during both lactation and non-lactation stages, forming a foundation for further investigation into the functional roles of lncRNAs in Holstein cows throughout lactation.

The impacts of resveratrol on the retinal degeneration in a rat model of retinitis pigmentosa induced by alkylation: an in-vivo study.

Upregulation of Sirtuin Type 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, has been proved to protect against ample ocular diseases, while its effect on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) has not been illustrated. The study was aimed to explore the impacts of resveratrol (RSV), a SIRT1 activator, on the photoreceptor degeneration in a rat model of RP induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), an alkylation. The rats were induced RP phenotypes via the intraperitoneal injection of MNU. The electroretinogram was conducted and revealed that RSV could not prevent the decline of retinal function in the RP rats. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the retinal histological examination were performed and showed that the reduced thickness of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) was not preserved by RSV intervention. The immunostaining technique was applied. Afther the MNU administration, the number of the apoptotic photoreceptors in the ONL throughout the retinasand the number of microglia cells present among the outer part throughout the retinas were not significantly reduced by RSV. Western blotting was also performed. The data showed that the level of SIRT1 protein was decreased after MNU administration, while RSV was not able to obviously alleviate the downregulation. Our data together indicated that RSV was not able to rescue the photoreceptor degeneration in the MNU-induced RP rats, which might be due to the MNU-induced consumption of the NAD+.

Engineering composition-varied Au/PtTe hetero-junction-abundant nanotrough arrays as robust electrocatalysts for ethanol electrooxidation.

Pt-based multi-metallic electrocatalysts containing hetero-junctions are found to have superior catalytic performance to composition-equivalent counterparts. However, in bulk solution, controllable preparation of Pt-based hetero-junction electrocatalyst is an extremely random work owing to the complexity of solution reactions. Herein, we develop an interface-confined transformation strategy, subtly achieving Au/PtTe hetero-junction-abundant nanostructures by employing interfacial Te nanowires as sacrificing templates. By controlling the reaction conditions, composition-varied Au/PtTe can be easily obtained, such as Au75/Pt20Te5, Au55/Pt34Te11, and Au5/Pt69Te26. Moreover, each Au/PtTe hetero-junction nanostructure appears to be an array consisting of side-by-side Au/PtTe nanotrough units and can be directly used as a catalyst layer without further post-treatment. All Au/PtTe hetero-junction nanostructures show better catalytic activity towards ethanol electrooxidation than commercial Pt/C because of the combining contributions of Au/Pt hetero-junctions and the collective effects of multi-metallic elements, where Au75/Pt20Te5 exhibits the best electrocatalytic performance among three Au/PtTe nanostructures owing to its optimal composition. This study may provide technically feasible guidance for further maximizing the catalytic activity of Pt-based hybrid catalysts.

Household unclean fuel use, indoor pollution and self-rated health: risk assessment of environmental pollution caused by energy poverty from a public health perspective.

The lack of access to clean energy remains one of the major challenges in the global energy sector. Access to clean, sustainable and affordable energy, outlined in the seventh Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7) of the United Nations, plays a crucial role in advancing health (SDG 3), as unclean cooking energy may endanger people's health by causing air pollution. However, due to endogeneity problems such as reverse causality, the health consequences of environmental pollution caused by unclean fuel usage are difficult to be scientifically and accurately evaluated. This paper aims to systematically assess the health cost of unclean fuel usage based on tackling endogeneity, using the data from Chinese General Social Survey. The ordinary least squares model, ordered regression methods, instrumental variable approach, penalized machine learning methods, placebo test, and mediation models are applied in this research. Analytical results demonstrate that households' unclean fuel use significantly damages people's health. Specifically, the use of dirty fuel leads to an average of about a one-standard-deviation decline in self-rated health, demonstrating its notable negative effect. The findings are robust to a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. The impact mechanism is that unclean fuel usage reduces people's self-rated health through increasing indoor pollution. Meanwhile, the negative effect of dirty fuel use on health has significant heterogeneity among different subgroups. The consequences are more prominent for the vulnerable groups who are female, younger, living in rural areas and older buildings, with lower socio-economic status and uncovered by social security. Therefore, necessary measures should be taken to improve energy infrastructure to make clean cooking energy more affordable and accessible as well as to enhance people's health. Besides, more attention should be paid to the energy needs of the above specific vulnerable groups faced with energy poverty.

Does exercise participation promote happiness?: Mediations and heterogeneities.

This paper uses a nationally representative and large-scale dataset from China to empirically examine the relationship between exercise participation and happiness. To address the problem of reverse causality between the two factors, the instrumental variable (IV) approach is used to deal with endogeneity to some extent. It is demonstrated that higher frequencies of exercise participation are positively related to happiness. Findings also demonstrate that physical exercise could significantly decrease depressive disorders, improves self-rated health conditions and reduces the frequency of health problems affecting people's work and life. At the same time, all of above health factors significantly influence subjective wellbeing. When these health variables are included in regressions, the correlation between exercise participation and happiness declines. This confirms that physical activity helps to improve happiness by enhancing mental and overall health conditions. In addition, results show that physical activities are more prominently related to happiness for male, older and unmarried individuals and those living in rural areas, lacking social security and with higher levels of depression as well as lower socioeconomic status. Furthermore, a series of robustness checks are carried out and exercise participation's positive role in improving happiness is further confirmed using different happiness measures and instrumental variables, various IV models, as well as penalized machine learning methods and placebo tests. With the increasing emphasis of improving happiness as an important goal in the global public health policy, findings of this paper have important policy implications for enhancing subjective wellbeing.

Health benefits of physical activity for people with mental disorders: From the perspective of multidimensional subjective wellbeing.

This paper uses a large scale and nationally representative dataset, Chinese General Social Survey, to empirically examine the role of physical activity in reducing the negative effects of depression among people with mental disorders. Empirical results demonstrate that physical exercise could help to alleviate depression's adverse consequences on work and life for depressed individuals. The impact mechanism is that physical activity may decrease the severity of depression, enhance life satisfaction, improve mood, and make people have a better sense of purpose and meaning in life. Therefore, from the perspective of multidimensional subjective wellbeing, evaluative wellbeing, experienced wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing all play mediating roles in the reduction of depression's adverse effects. Heterogeneity analysis shows that there are no significant gender differences in the health benefits of physical exercise, but its impact tends to be more prominent for depressed individuals who are younger and higher educated, with better health status, and live in urban areas. It is also found that socioeconomic status may play an important moderating role. The health benefits of physical activity seem to be greater for depressed people who have lower income, work in the secondary labor market, and have lower levels of social capital and assets. In addition, the instrumental variable approach is used to identify the causal impact of physical activity, which further proves a significant effect of it based on tackling the endogeneity problem. Meanwhile, this paper uses different explanatory and explained variables, different statistical models, as well as machine learning and placebo techniques to conduct robustness tests, all of which lend credence to above findings.

Does the Internet Bring People Closer Together or Further Apart? The Impact of Internet Usage on Interpersonal Communications.

The complementarity interference (CI) model suggests that the Internet may either inhibit or facilitate interpersonal communications. This paper empirically examines the impact of Internet usage on interpersonal interactions, using a micro dataset from China to answer whether the Internet brings people closer together or further apart. The empirical results demonstrate, first, that Internet usage significantly increases both the time and frequency of people's communications with their family and friends, rather than causing them to feel more disconnected and isolated. Holding other factors constant, for each one-standard-deviation increase in Internet usage, weekly communications with family members increases by an average of 102.150 min, while there is an average increase of 54.838 min in interactions with friends. These findings as to its positive effects are robust when using other regression models and interpersonal contact measures, as well as the instrumental variable method. Second, Internet usage also contributes to decreased loneliness; it exerts this effect primarily by improving people's interactions with their family members. However, communications with friends do not significantly mediate such impacts. Third, the positive role of Internet usage on communications is more prominent for people with more frequent online socialization and self-presentation, better online skills, younger age, higher educational level, and who are living in urban areas. In addition, the beneficial effects of Internet usage are larger for communications with family members in the case of migrants. Therefore, in the context of the rapid development of information technology, the network infrastructure should be improved to make better use of the Internet to facilitate interpersonal communications and promote people's wellness.

Arabidopsis ERdj3B coordinates with ERECTA-family receptor kinases to regulate ovule development and the heat stress response.

The endoplasmic reticulum-localized DnaJ family 3B (ERdj3B), is a component of the stromal cell-derived factor 2 (SDF2)-ERdj3B-binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) chaperone complex, which functions in protein folding, translocation, and quality control. We found that ERdj3B mutations affected integument development in the Ler ecotype but not in the Col-0 ecotype of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Map-based cloning identified the ERECTA (ER) gene as a natural modifier of ERdj3B. The double mutation of ERdj3B and ER caused a major defect in the inner integument under heat stress. Additional mutation of the ER paralog ERECTA-LIKE 1 (ERL1) or ERL2 to the erdj3b er double mutant exacerbated the defective integument phenotype. The double mutation of ER and SDF2, the other component of the SDF2-ERdj3B-BiP complex, resulted in similar defects in the inner integument. Furthermore, both the protein abundance and plasma membrane partitioning of ER, ERL1, and ERL2 were markedly reduced in erdj3b plants, indicating that the SDF2-ERdj3B-BiP chaperone complex might control the translocation of ERECTA-family proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. Our results suggest that the SDF2-ERdj3B-BiP complex functions in ovule development and the heat stress response in coordination with ERECTA-family receptor kinases.

The Association Between Quarantine Duration and Psychological Outcomes, Social Distancing, and Vaccination Intention During the Second Outbreak of COVID-19 in China.

Objectives: To examine the association between quarantine duration and psychological outcomes, social distancing, as well as vaccination intention during the second outbreak of COVID-19 in China. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in January 2021. Participants were invited to complete the measurement of quarantine duration, social distancing, psychological distress, wellbeing (WHO-5), and vaccination intention. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were performed to examine the relationship between quarantine duration and psychological distress, wellbeing, social distancing, and vaccination intention. Results: Of the 944 participants, 17.2% of the participants experienced quarantine. Quarantine for 1-7 days increased the social distancing (ß = 2.61 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90-3.33) and vaccination intention (OR = 2.16 95% CI 1.22-3.82). Quarantine for >7 days was associated with the increased social distancing (ß = 3.00 95% CI 2.37-3.64) and psychological distress (ß = 1.03 95% CI 0.22-1.86), and decreased wellbeing (ß = 1.27 95% CI 0.29-2.26). Conclusion: Longer quarantine duration showed increased social distancing, increased psychological distress, and decreased wellbeing. Quarantine for 1-7 days was associated with increased vaccination intention.

Relationship between subjective well-being and depressive disorders: Novel findings of cohort variations and demographic heterogeneities.

This paper uses a large-scale nationally representative dataset, the Chinese General Social Survey, to examine the relationship between subjective well-being and depressive disorders. Statistical results indicate that higher levels of subjective well-being help decrease perceived depression. Robustness checks are carried out using different types of explanatory and dependent variables, various regression models, penalized machine learning methods, instrumental variable approaches, and placebo tests, all of which lend further credence to the above findings. Based on it, heterogeneities in the relationship between subjective well-being and self-rated mental disorders are explored. In respect of variations in age cohorts, it is found that the absolute values of happiness's estimated coefficients are smaller in the 20-30 and 30-40 age groups, while that in the 40-50 age group increase substantially. In older cohorts, the estimates remain at higher levels while fluctuating to some degree. Furthermore, the significantly negative interaction between happiness and age proves that age amplifies subjective well-being's effect on perceived depressive disorders. With age increasing, the impact of happiness on reducing perceived depression tends to be stronger. Therefore, for older people, subjective well-being plays a more important role in suppressing self-rated depression. Heterogeneities of the relationship between happiness and perceived depressive disorders in subgroups with different demographic characteristics are also investigated. It is found that the negative correlation between subjective well-being and self-rated depression is stronger among those with higher educational levels, living in urban areas, being members of the Communist Party of China, having pensions, and owning more housing assets. However, gender, ethnic identity, religious belief, and marital status exert no significant moderating effects.

A methylation-based nomogram for predicting survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation alteration is frequently observed in Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and may play important roles in carcinogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis. Thus, this study aimed to construct a reliable methylation-based nomogram, guiding prognostic classification screening and personalized medicine for LUAD patients. METHOD: The DNA methylation data, gene expression data and corresponding clinical information of lung adenocarcinoma samples were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially methylated sites (DMSs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained and then calculated correlation by pearson correlation coefficient. Functional enrichment analysis and Protein-protein interaction network were used to explore the biological roles of aberrant methylation genes. A prognostic risk score model was constructed using univariate Cox and LASSO analysis and was assessed in an independent cohort. A methylation-based nomogram that included the risk score and the clinical risk factors was developed, which was evaluated by concordance index and calibration curves. RESULT: We identified a total of 1362 DMSs corresponding to 471 DEGs with significant negative correlation, including 752 hypermethylation sites and 610 hypomethylation sites. Univariate cox regression analysis showed that 59 DMSs were significantly associated with overall survival. Using LASSO method, we constructed a three-DMSs signature that was independent predictive of prognosis in the training cohort. Patients in high-risk group had a significant shorter overall survival than patients in low-risk group classified by three-DMSs signature (log-rank p = 1.9E-04). Multivariate cox regression analysis proved that the three-DMSs signature was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD in TCGA-LUAD cohort (HR = 2.29, 95%CI: 1.47-3.57, P = 2.36E-04) and GSE56044 cohort (HR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.19-3.91, P = 0.011). Furthermore, a nomogram, combining the risk score with clinical risk factors, was developed with C-indexes of 0.71 and 0.70 in TCGA-LUAD and GSE56044 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present study established a robust three-DMSs signature for the prediction of overall survival and further developed a nomogram that could be a clinically available guide for personalized treatment of LUAD patients.

Baidu Index and COVID-19 Epidemic Forecast: Evidence From China.

With the global spread of the Coronavirus epidemic, search engine data can be a practical tool for decision-makers to understand the epidemic's trends. This article uses trend analysis data from the Baidu search engine, the most widely used in China, to analyze the public's attention to the epidemic and the demand for N95 masks and other anti-epidemic materials and information. This kind of analysis has become an important part of information epidemiology. We have analyzed the use of the keywords "Coronavirus epidemic," "N95 mask," and "Wuhan epidemic" to judge whether the introduction of real-time search data has improved the efficiency of the Coronavirus epidemic prediction model. In general, the introduction of the Baidu index, whether in-sample or out-of-sample, significantly improves the prediction efficiency of the model.

Efficient Charge Transport Enables High Efficiency in Dilute Donor Organic Solar Cells.

The donor/acceptor weight ratio is crucial for photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we systematically investigate the photovoltaic behaviors of PM6:Y6 solar cells with different stoichiometries. It is found that the photovoltaic performance is tolerant to PM6 contents ranging from 10 to 60 wt %. Especially an impressive efficiency over 10% has been achieved in dilute donor solar cells with 10 wt % PM6 enabled by efficient charge generation, electron/hole transport, slow charge recombination, and field-insensitive extraction. This raises the question about the origin of efficient hole transport in such dilute donor structure. By investigating hole mobilities of PM6 diluted in Y6 and insulators, we find that effective hole transport pathway is mainly through PM6 phase in PM6:Y6 blends despite with low PM6 content. The results indicate that a low fraction of polymer donors combines with near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors could achieve high photovoltaic performance, which might be a candidate for semitransparent windows.